Markos 12:35
BYZR: Kai apokritheis, ho Jēsous elegen, didaskōn en tŏ hierŏ: “Pōs legousin hoi grammateis, hoti ho Christos hyios estin David?
Deviation scores of the whole verse text (if the verse is missing completely): ·AND¹₁ ·IN₀ ·RESPONSE³₁ ·YESHUA³₁ ·SAID³₁, ·TEACHING³₁ ·IN¹₁ ·THE ·TEMPLE³₁: ·HOW³₁ ·SAY³₁ ·THE ·SCRIBES³₁ ·THAT₁ ·THE ·MESSIAH³₁ ·IS³₁ ·SON³₁ ·OF₀ ·DAVID³₁?
The verb “apokritheis” is passive participle of aorist, whose meaning should theoretically be “having been answered” or
“having received an answer”. However, the passive form of this verb is nearly always used in the active sense, “answering”
(not in the passive sense, “being answered”), both in LXX and in the New Testament. Some translations of Markos 12:35 use idiomatic passive
expressions, such as “in response” or “in reply”, maybe to intentionally avoid an active meaning, because the verb form is
technically a passive. Idiomatic translations are usually given deviation points in this review, but in this case the intention of translators to
retain a passive technical nature in this expression is rewarded with a lenient score of 0 deviation points. Also SAMPLET and SAMPLEP take this approach.
Active expressions, such as “answering” or “having answered”, have been accepted without any deviation markings, because this verb form is
usually understood in the active sense.
Some translators and dictionaries, which specialize in the Bible, believe that the verb “reply” can mean “begin a conversation” in
traditional biblical usage, because some discussions in the Tanakh and in the New Testament start with the verb “reply”, without any previous
discussion that would be replied to. Generic dictionaries of koiné greek do not mention such a meaning, however — and they do consider the full text
of the Bible (including LXX), when assessing the meanings of words in koiné greek. It is also possible that something was asked, which is not mentioned in the
narrative. I give some limited benefit of doubt to this speculated meaning of the expression, by using the weight of 1 point (instead of the usual 3 points) for
the main thought that Yeshua reacts to something that was said earlier, and by giving only 2 deviation points (instead of the usual 3) for such meanings in the
review of literal accuracy. Some other editor, who has different beliefs about this topic, might have made different decisions here.
Readers who do not master arabic language may raise their eyebrows, when they notice that the expression “house of Allah” in translation INJEEL (which is
intended for an arabic-speaking and possibly islamic audience) receives similar treatment, only one deviation point, as the expressions “house of God” and
“house of Yahweh” in other translations. In western culture the word “Allah” is perceived as the name of the God of Islam. However,
arabic-speakers perceive it more similarly to the english word God (or the greek word Theos, or the hebrew word El), as a common noun that might refer to any deity,
but capitalization or the definite article clarifies that it means the one and only God. Arabic-speaking christians use the word Allah, and in a christian context
this word does not contain any reference to islam.
The name “Yeshua” is the direct subject of the verb “said”, or possibly of the participle “answering”, but certainly not of
the verb “teaching”, which is behind another verb in the greek text. One deviation point for changed structure of the expression is marked
in the left bottom corner of the name ₁Jesus or ₁Yeshua, if a translation uses the name “Yeshua” as the nearest and direct subject of
the verb or participle “teaching”. A deviation point for this reason is not given for such expressions as “Yeshua began to
teach”, if the translation does not contain the verb “answer” elsewhere, and “began” is apparently a translation for the concept of
“answering”. (In this case the name “Yeshua” is the direct subject of the translation for “answering”, which is a
possible interpretation of the greek text.)
The two participles in this verse, “answering” and “teaching”, do not have the pronoun “he” as a separate subject in
the original greek text. A participle does not indicate the person so precisely by itself either. Therefore all “he” pronouns, which are used as
the subject of the translations for these participles, are marked as added words (*he¹₁) or misplaced words (₁he). An added pronoun “he” has been
accepted without deviation points for the verb “said”, because it is possible to interpret the greek text as “Yeshua answering, he said”.
Normally all deviation scores for literal accuracy are within the range of 1 - 3 points. The translation YHWHSAC has received a rare maximum score of 9 penalty
points for replacing the name Yeshua with “YHWH”, for deliberately mixing up the main theological concepts.
Main thoughts in this verse:
A) Yeshua reacts to something that has been discussed or asked a moment ago. 1 point: This thought is not mentioned at all. (Only one point, because it is not clear, what He answers to.)
B) Yeshua teaches in the temple. 9 points: The name Yeshua is replaced with name YHWH, which is a different theological concept. 3 points: This thought is not mentioned. 1 point: Teaching is not mentioned.
C) Why do the experts of holy writings say this? 3 points: This thought is not mentioned. 2 points: It is not mentioned that Yeshua asks, why this is so. 1 point: It is not mentioned that He asks this about the scribes (or this is said in square brackets, as if it were not part of the original Bible text).
D) Messiah is a son or descendant of David. 3 points: This thought is not mentioned.
Z) Thoughts added by translators. 3 points: God has promised that the Messiah will help people to enjoy a better life. 2 points: Yeshua said this “later” or “one day” (emphasizing the uncertain assumption that a quite long time has passed between this verse and the previous verse). 1 point: Yeshua asks this directly from the scribes. (The scribes should be in the third person, being talked about, not talked to.) / The scribes must be wrong (marked as a possible alternative meaning of the text). / The scribes are right. / The location is defined more precisely than the source text describes, where in the temple area Yeshua was teaching (e.g. “the yard”).
Inconvenient readability of words. 5 points: canon-lawyers. 3 points: ihċ, ihĉ, Ihū (abbreviation for Iesus, visually imitating the greek letters iēs) / ישוע (Yeshua) / יהושע (Yehoshua, or some other possible pronunciation) / Rebbe / Melech / quantum / seide / seyde / address’d / answerende / doctrinating / instructing / wording / techinge / techynge / techyng / techende / shiurim / priestal / Heikhal / Beis / Hamikdash / Miqdash / lodge / Set-apart Place / temple-precinct / ŧerfore / Y’all’r (you all are) / lemme (let me) / sum’n (something) / word (say) / seyn / seyen / seien / make out (conclude) / scribis / Sofrim / Sophree / fuqaha / forto / Moshiach / HaMoshiach / Ha Mashiyach / MASHIYACH / Meshicha / al-Masih / ben- / Ben / Bĕn / Ibn / beside / Allah / dauiŧ / dd’ (David). 2 points: Iesvs / YHWH / sayde / spake / state (say) / addressed / addressing / questioned / ask’n / reacted / answerynge / answeride / answerde / maintain / hee (he) / teachyng / teachynge / observed / precinct / precincts / compound / complex / hou / ŧe / tho (the) / thos (the in plural) / inquired / Q (question) / foundation / transcribers / scrybes / clergy / asserting / assert / contend / ŧat / Criste / ha’Mashiah / mashiah / Mashiach / Mashi’akh / HaMashiach / The-Messiah / ben (be) / sonne / sone / dauyd. 1 point: aunswered / ansvvering / answeringe / teachinge / declare / spoke (said) / sayd / remarked / posed / whan / therfore / scribes (if meaning is not explained immediately) / scholars / sacred / temple-yard / courts / courtyard / grounds / OK / guys / howe / hovv / saye (say) / saide / Torah (a bit uncommon loan word among the mainstream population) / Chryst / Christe / Crist / Messias / off (of) / Dauid / Dauith / Davith / Jhesus / heir.
Inconvenient readability of expressions. 5 points: having answered₁ Iesous was saying teaching. 4 points: answering, Jesus was saying, teaching / having answered, said, teaching / answering, Jesus, teaching in the temple, said / answering, Jesus was saying as He was teaching. 3 points: By way of response / Jesus, taking the initiative while teaching ..., said / answering, was saying as₀ *He¹₁ taught₁ / continuing, Jesus said while teaching / responding Jesus said teaching / speaking, Jesus said, teaching / answering, Jesus said, teaching / answering, teaching ..., Jesus said / Jesus answering said ... teaching / Jesus, answering, said, while teaching / answering, as he taught ..., said / answering Jesus said, teaching / teaching ..., answering, ... said / responding spoke, teaching / having responded, Jesus was saying / address’d himself to them / while continuing in teaching / in the course of his teaching / went on to do more teaching / further spoke / came back at them with the question / when making a reply / took occasion to say / in continuation / How come the scribes to say / Crist for to be / Crist forto be / additional rhymed text confuses the reading experience (BELOVED) / long text in UPPERCASE. 2 points: then, in giving / a considered response / responded, saying, while teaching / answered, saying as₀ *He¹₁ taught₁ / answering said / responding, said / addressing them said / went on to say / began to say / began saying / in his turn asked / raised this question / in this manner / to it all / How comes it ... / How is it the Scribes say / How is it the scholars say / how are the scribes ... normally saying / scroll keepers / men learned in the sacred scriptures. 1 point: Now, while ... / Now Jesus asked ... / Then, teaching / Jesus, however, while ... / Again, while teaching (while teaching again) / Then says Yeshua / tho Iesous (definite article before a person’s name) / resumed teaching / went on teaching / Jesus, when he was teaching in the Temple, said / Jesus, while He was teaching in the temple, answered / Jesus, ..., said / Jesus, ..., answered / said in answer / answers, wording / continued teaching ..., saying / and [he] observed / Jesus: “...” / Q: “...” / with such speech / those [who were] listening / knew [that] the one / those [who were] gathered / in what sense / How is it that ... / ‘How,’ he said, ‘can ... / how say the scribes / say—and they are correct in saying—that / have the Jewish clergy (do the Jewish clergy have) / legal experts⁰ (experts⁰ of the law) / Torah-teachers / scripture scholars / religion scholars / legal religion / how [do] the scholars say / how are the scribes saying / was saying / (Christ) to be / is to be / is going to be / Christ the son of David is / Christ son is of David / long embedded clause confuses the main thought (AND1865) / colon : marking a definite article in source text, which is omitted in translation (PANIN) / when a proper noun is translated with several words, they should be more clearly marked as belonging together and forming one concept (FSTNATN) / comma before word “that” / every word begins with uppercase letter / name of person written with small initial / start of quotation is not marked in any way, not even with a capital letter (WYE1353, WYE1848, WYL1400, WYL1410, WYL1731) / inconvenient or insufficient punctuation (CONSV, CONSVRI x4, BETTERL, BEREINT, COVDALE x2, DR1610, DR1899A, GENEVA, KJV1611, CENTNRY, COVDLMS, DCKNSON x2, NWSIMPL, PASTJHN, RKJMILL, ROTHERH x4, SCHON85, WILL x2, TYND26, TYND26M, WEYM, WYE1848, WYL1731).
Inconvenient readability scores for translation LITTRCH. 6 points: having-been-separated-off (answering) / it-was-forthing (said) / veer-veerating (teaching) / to-which-a-one (that, as a conjunction). 5 points: unto-sacred (temple) / Unto-whither (how) / they-forth (say) / letterers-of (scribes). 4 points: of-a-Daueid (of David). 3 points: in unto-the-one (in the) / it-be (is). 2 points: an-Iêsous (Jesus) / the-one (the) / the-ones (the, in plural). 1 point: a-son (a son).
Literal and formal deviations, approximately in the order that they appear in the text of this verse: ·AND¹₁ / so¹₁ / then¹₁ / now¹₁ / again³₁ / however³₁ / but³₁ | *then¹₁ | ₁he | ·IN₀ ·RESPONSE³₁ / in₀ response₀ / in₀ reply₀ / in₀ answer₀ / in₀ *his¹₁ turn¹ / by₀ *way¹₁ *of₀ response₀ / in₀ giving¹₁ *a *considered³₁ response₀ / responded₁ / answers₁ / answered₁ / aunswered₁ / answeride₁ / replied₁ / *when¹₁ ... responded₁ / *when¹₁ making¹₁ *a reply₁ / reacted¹₁ / speaking² / spoke²₁ / spake²₁ / talked²₁ / came¹₁ back²₁ (at them with) / addressing²₀ / addressed²₁ / address’d²₁ *himself¹₁ / *after¹₁ ... had₀ answered₁ / having-been-separated-off⁰₀ / taking¹ *the initiative²₁ / took¹ occasion²₁ / began²₁ / continued²₁ / as₀ ... continued²₁ / continuing² / in₀ continuation² / *when¹₁ resumed²₁ / went²₁ on₀ / further³₁ / later³₁ / later³₁ on₀ / openly³₁ / *one¹₁ day³₁ | *at₀ / *to₀ | *them¹₁ | *a | *question³₁ / *it¹₁ *all³₁ | *that¹₁ *had₀ *been₀ *raised³₁ | *and¹₁ | ·YESHUA³₁ / ₁Jesus / ₁Creator⁰ Sets⁰ Free⁰ ⁰(Jesus) / Savior⁰ / ₁Rebbe³, *Melech³₁ *HaMoshiach³₁ / he³₁ / YHWH⁹ | at₁ | *went²₁ *on₀ / *began²₁ | *by₁ / *with₁ | *and¹₁ | *the / *such¹₁ | ·SAID³₁ / remarked¹ / observed¹ / reminded² / asked² / inquired² / *by₁ saying₁ / saying₁ / are₀ ... saying₁ / was₀ saying₁ / wording⁰₁ / it-was-forthing⁰₁ / asking²₁ / ask²₁ / raised² / posed² / says₁ / say₁ / to₀ say₁ / to₀ ask²₁ / speech¹₁ / question³₁ | *in₀ *this¹₁ *manner³₁ | *questioned²₁ | *to₀ | *them¹₁ / *the *people³₁ / *his¹₁ *listeners³₁ / *those¹₁ *listening³₁ / *those¹₁ *gathered³₁ *there¹₁ | *a / *the / *this¹₁ | *question¹₁ | *and¹₁ | *while¹₁ | *Jesus¹₁ / *Jesus/Yeshua/Ishoa¹₁ / *he¹₁ / *hee¹₁ | *was¹₁ | *still¹₁ / *more¹₁ | *continuing²₁ / *began²₁ | ·TEACHING³₁ / *in₁ teaching₁ / instructing⁰ / doctrinating⁰ / preaching¹ / while₀ teaching / while₀ ... was₁ teaching / as₀ ... was₁ teaching / when¹₁ ... was₁ teaching / was₁ teaching / to₀ teach₁ / *to₀ *do¹₁ ... teaching₁ / taught₁ / while₀ ... taught₁ / as₀ ... taught₁ / *whan¹₁ ... taught₁ / saying² *shiurim₁ / *in₀ *the *course¹₁ *of₁ *his¹₁ teaching₁ | *again³₁ | *the | *people³₁ / *them¹₁ | ·IN¹₁ / at₁ / on₁ | *the | *yard³₁ *at₁ / *courts³₁ *of₁ | ·THE | *sacred¹₁ / *set-apart¹₁ / *priestal³₁ | ·TEMPLE³₁ / miqdash⁰ / *beis¹₁ hamikdash⁰ / heikhal⁰ / lodge⁰ / sacred⁰ / house² *of₀ *God¹₁ / House² *of₀ *Yahweh¹₁ / house² *of₀ *Allah¹₁ / place³ / precinct³ | *area¹₁ / *compound¹₁ / *complex¹₁ / *yard³₁ / *grounds³₁ / *courts³₁ / *courtyard³₁ / *precinct³₁ / *precincts³₁ | *this¹₁ | *the *people³₁ | *y’all’r²₂ *ask’n³₁ *me¹₁ *all¹₁ *these¹₁ *questions¹₁ | *ok³₁ *lemme³₂ *ask³₁ *you¹₁ *guys¹₁ *sum’n¹₁ | *Q¹₁ | *therfore²₁ / *ŧerfore²₁ | ·HOW³₁ / why¹ / ₁why¹ / ₁what²₁ / that³₁ / *in₁ what²₁ *sense²₁ / what²₁ ... *mean³₁ / what²₁ foundation³₁ / unto-whither³₁ | *is¹₁ / *comes²₁ / *come²₁ | *it₀ | *they¹₁ | do₀ / *can¹₁ | *it¹₁ | *be¹₁ | *that¹₁ / ₁that | *normally³₁ | *have³₁ | *for₁ | ·SAY³₁ / say₀ (infinitive, caused by do or can) / word⁰ / they-forth⁰ / to₀ say₁ / are₀ ... saying₁ / state¹₀ / declare¹₀ / asserting²₁ / assert²₀ / claim²₀ / contend²₀ / maintain²₀ / make²₀ out₀ / teach² / call³ / called³₁ / knew³₁ | ·THE / *your¹₁ / *you³₁ | ·SCRIBES³₁ / transcribers⁰ / sofrim⁰ / sophree⁰ / fuqaha⁰ / professors⁰ / experts⁰ / *legal¹₁ experts⁰ / *canon¹₁-lawyers² / experts⁰ *in₀ *the *law¹₁ / experts⁰ *in₀ *the *Law¹₁ *of₀ *Moses¹₁ / scribes, *experts¹₁ *in₀ *the *Jewish¹₁ *law¹₁ / experts⁰ *in₀ *Moses’¹₁ *teachings¹₁ / teachers¹ *of₀ *the *Law¹₁ *of₀ *Moses¹₁ / teachers¹ *of₀ *the *Law¹₁ / teachers¹..*of₀..*the..*Laws¹₁ / teachers¹ *of₀ *God’s¹₁ *Law¹₁ / teachers¹ *of₀ *religious¹₁ *law¹₁ / *Torah¹₁ teachers¹ / [⁰Torah]-teachers² / teachers² / *scripture¹₁ experts⁰ / *scripture¹₁ scholars⁰ / *Bible¹₁ scholars⁰ / *religion¹₁ scholars⁰ / *religious¹₁ scholars⁰ / *religious¹₁ experts⁰ / *religious¹₁ teachers¹ / *religious¹₁ leaders³ / *Jewish¹₁ clergy²₁ / *scroll¹₁ keepers³ / you³₁ / *those¹₁ *who¹₁ teach¹₁ *the *Jewish¹₁ *laws¹₁ / *these¹₁ *men¹₁ *who¹₁ teach¹₁ *the [⁰Jewish] *laws¹₁ / *men¹₁ learned⁰₁ *in₀ *the *sacred¹₁ *scriptures¹₁ / *theology¹₁ professors⁰—*those¹₁ *who¹₁ *teach¹₁ *a *legal¹₁ *religion¹₁ | *and¹₁ *they¹₁ *are¹₁ *correct³₁ *in₀ *saying¹₁ | ·THAT₁ / ₁forto¹₁ / ₁for¹₁ | ·THE | ·MESSIAH³₁ / mashiah⁰ / Mashi’akh⁰ / Moshiach⁰ / Meshicha⁰ / ha’Mashiah⁰ / Ha⁰ Mashiyach⁰ / Mashiyach⁰ / al-Masih⁰ / Anointed *King³₁ / Anointed One₀ / Chosen¹ One₀ / *promised³₁ Savior² / the one₀ *God³₁ *promised³₁ to₀ help³₁ *them¹₁ *enjoy³₁ *a *better³₁ *life³₁ | ·IS³₁ / will₀ be₁ / would₀ be₁ / it-be₁ / is₁ to₀ be₁ / is₀ going₁ to₀ be₁ / to₀ be₁ / be₁ / *must²₁ be₀ / will₀ come²₁ *from¹₁ | ·SON³₁ / Ben⁰ / Bĕn⁰ / Ibn⁰ / descendant¹ / family² / heir² | ·OF₀ / ⁰of₀ / off⁰ | *their¹₁ *famous³₁ | *leader³₁ / *king²₁ | ·DAVID³₁ / Much⁰ Loved⁰ One⁰ ⁰(David) | *beside²₁ | *do₀ *they¹₁ *say¹₁ *this¹₁ | *can¹₁ *that¹₁ *be¹₁ | *do₀ *you¹₁ *think³₁ *about₀ *that¹₁.